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    <title>Schneier on Security</title>
    <subtitle>A blog covering security and security technology.</subtitle>
	<rights>Copyright 2010 Bruce Schneier</rights>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/" />
    <link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/atom.xml" />
   <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2</id>
    <updated>2010-03-02T15:16:28Z</updated>
    <generator uri="http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/">Movable Type 4.34-en</generator>
 

<entry>
    <title>Typosquatting</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/typosquatting.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3286</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-15T11:13:37Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-15T11:13:37Z</updated>
    
    <summary>&quot;Measuring the Perpetrators and Funders of Typosquatting,&quot; by Tyler Moore and Benjamin Edelman: Abstract. We describe a method for identifying &quot;typosquatting&quot;, the intentional registration of misspellings of popular website addresses. We estimate that at least 938 000 typosquatting domains target the top 3 264 .com sites, and we crawl more than 285 000 of these domains to analyze their revenue...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>"<a href="http://www.benedelman.org/typosquatting/typosquatting.pdf">Measuring the Perpetrators and Funders of Typosquatting</a>," by Tyler Moore and Benjamin Edelman:</p>

<blockquote><strong>Abstract.</strong> We describe a method for identifying "typosquatting", the intentional registration of misspellings of popular website addresses. We estimate that at least 938 000 typosquatting domains target the top 3 264 .com sites, and we crawl more than 285 000 of these domains to analyze their revenue sources. We find that 80% are supported by pay-per-click ads often advertising the correctly spelled domain and its competitors.Another 20% include static redirection to other sites. We present an automated technique that uncovered 75 otherwise legitimate websites which benefited from direct links from thousands of misspellings of competing websites. Using regression analysis, we find that websites in categories with higher pay-per-click ad prices face more typosquatting registrations, indicating that ad platforms such as Google AdWords exacerbate typosquatting. However, our investigations also confirm the feasibility of signicantly reducing typosquatting. We find that typosquatting is highly concentrated: Of typo domains showing Google ads, 63% use one of five advertising IDs, and some large name servers host typosquatting domains as much as four times as often as the web as a whole.</blockquote>

<p>The paper <a href="http://www.lightbluetouchpaper.org/2010/02/17/measuring-typosquattings-perpetrators-and-funders/">appeared</a> at the Financial Cryptography conference this year.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Friday Squid Blogging: Cipherlopods</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/friday_squid_bl_223.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3290</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-12T22:21:58Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-12T22:21:58Z</updated>
    
    <summary>This makes no sense to me, even though -- I suppose -- it&apos;s a squid cryptography joke....</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p><a href="http://articulatematter.com/comic/2009/cipherlopods/">This</a> makes no sense to me, even though -- I suppose -- it's a squid cryptography joke.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Another Schneier Interview</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/another_schneie_2.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3279</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-12T19:19:30Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-12T19:19:30Z</updated>
    
    <summary>This one on simple-talk.com....</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.simple-talk.com/opinion/geek-of-the-week/bruce-schneier-geek-of-the-week/">This one</a> on simple-talk.com.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Why DRM Doesn&apos;t Work</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/why_drm_doesnt.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3294</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-12T17:31:20Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-12T17:31:20Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Funny comic....</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>Funny <a href="http://www.bradcolbow.com/archive.php/?p=205">comic</a>.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>More Hollow Coins</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/more_hollow_coi_1.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3271</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-12T12:58:19Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-12T12:58:19Z</updated>
    
    <summary>A hollowed-out U.S. nickel can hold a microSD card. Pound and euro coins are also available. I blogged about this about a year ago as well....</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>A hollowed-out U.S. nickel <a href="http://www.boingboing.net/2010/02/16/hollow-spy-coins-for.html">can hold</a> a microSD card.  Pound and euro coins are <a href="https://makersmarket.com/sellers/82-brian-dereu">also available</a>.  I <a href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2008/12/hollow_coins.html">blogged about this</a> about a year ago as well.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Wikibooks Cryptography Textbook</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/wikibooks_crypt.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3287</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-11T18:26:36Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-11T18:26:36Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Over at Wikibooks, they&apos;re trying to write an open source cryptography textbook....</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>Over at Wikibooks, they're trying to write an open source <a href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cryptography">cryptography textbook</a>.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Wanted: Trust Detector</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/wanted_trust_de.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3278</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-11T12:17:12Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-11T12:17:12Z</updated>
    
    <summary>It&apos;s good to dream: IARPA&apos;s five-year plan aims to design experiments that can measure trust with high certainty -- a tricky proposition for a psychological study. Developing such experimental protocols could prove very useful for assessing levels of trust within one-on-one talks, or even during group interactions. A second part of the IARPA proposal might involve using new types of...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>It's good to <a href="http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2010-02/us-spooks-want-better-gauge-trust-matter-life-and-death">dream</a>:</p>

<blockquote>IARPA's <a href="https://www.fbo.gov/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&id=e8a232ee02172d046ec7934d0af30005&tab=core&_cview=0">five-year plan</a> aims to design experiments that can measure trust with high certainty -- a tricky proposition for a psychological study. Developing such experimental protocols could prove very useful for assessing levels of trust within one-on-one talks, or even during group interactions.

<p>A second part of the IARPA proposal might involve using new types of sensors and software to gauge human facial, language or body signals that might help predict trustworthiness. Perhaps <a href="http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2009-10/fbi-facial-recognition-software-scan-highway-fugitive-motorists">facial recognition</a> technology that could deduce emotions or facial tics might help, not to mention better <a href="http://www.popsci.com/scitech/article/2002-07/terror-talk">lie detectors</a>.</blockquote></p>

<p>IARPA is the <a href="http://www.iarpa.gov/">Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity</a>, the U.S. intelligence community's answer to DARPA.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Nose Biometrics</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/nose_biometrics.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3292</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-10T19:47:12Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-10T19:47:12Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Really: Since they are hard to conceal, the study says, noses would work well for identification in covert surveillance. The researchers say noses have been overlooked in the growing field of biometrics, studies into ways of identifying distinguishing traits in people. &quot;Noses are prominent facial features and yet their use as a biometric has been largely unexplored,&quot; said the University...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p><a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8543292.stm">Really</a>:</p>

<blockquote>Since they are hard to conceal, the study says, noses would work well for identification in covert surveillance.

<p>The researchers say noses have been overlooked in the growing field of biometrics, studies into ways of identifying distinguishing traits in people.</p>

<p>"Noses are prominent facial features and yet their use as a biometric has been largely unexplored," said the University of Bath's Dr Adrian Evans.</p>

<p>"Ears have been looked at in detail, eyes have been looked at in terms of iris recognition but the nose has been neglected."</p>

<p>The researchers used a system called PhotoFace, developed by researchers at the University of the West of England, Bristol and Imperial College, London, for the 3D scans.</blockquote></p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>The Limits of Identity Cards</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/the_limits_of_i.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3276</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-10T13:09:08Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-10T13:09:08Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Good legal paper on the limits of identity cards: Stephen Mason and Nick Bohm, &quot;Identity and its Verification,&quot; in Computer Law &amp; Security Review, Volume 26, Number 1, Jan 2010. Those faced with the problem of how to verify a person&apos;s identity would be well advised to ask themselves the question, &apos;Identity with what?&apos; An enquirer equipped with the answer...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>Good legal paper on the limits of identity cards:  Stephen Mason and Nick Bohm, "<a href="http://www.stephenmason.eu/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/bohm-mason-identity.pdf">Identity and its Verification</a>," in <i>Computer Law & Security Review</i>, Volume 26, Number 1, Jan 2010.</p>

<blockquote>Those faced with the problem of how to verify a person's identity would be well advised to ask themselves the question, 'Identity with what?'  An enquirer equipped with the answer to this question is in a position to tackle, on a rational basis, the task of deciding what evidence will be useful for the purpose. Without the answer to the question, the verification of identity becomes a sadly familiar exercise in blind compliance with arbitrary rules.</blockquote>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Marc Rotenberg on Google&apos;s Italian Privacy Case</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/marc_rotenberg_1.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3291</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-09T18:36:00Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-09T18:36:00Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Interesting commentary: I don&apos;t think this is really a case about ISP liability at all. It is a case about the use of a person&apos;s image, without their consent, that generates commercial value for someone else. That is the essence of the Italian law at issue in this case. It is also how the right of privacy was first established...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>Interesting <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/marc-rotenberg/brandeis-in-italy-the-pri_b_481115.html">commentary</a>:</p>

<blockquote>I don't think this is really a case about ISP liability at all. It is a case about the use of a person's image, without their consent, that generates commercial value for someone else. That is the essence of the Italian law at issue in this case. It is also how the right of privacy was first established in the United States.

<p>The video at the center of this case was very popular in Italy and drove lots of users to the Google Video site. This boosted advertising and support for other Google services. As a consequence, Google actually had an incentive not to respond to the many requests it received before it actually took down the video.</p>

<p>Back in the U.S., here is the relevant history: after Brandeis and Warren published their famous article on the right to privacy in 1890, state courts struggled with its application. In a New York state case in 1902, a court rejected the newly proposed right. In a second case, a Georgia state court in 1905 endorsed it.</p>

<p>What is striking is that both cases involved the use of a person's image without their consent. In New York, it was a young girl, whose image was drawn and placed on an oatmeal box for advertising purposes. In Georgia, a man's image was placed in a newspaper, without his consent, to sell insurance.</p>

<p>Also important is the fact that the New York judge who rejected the privacy claim, suggested that the state assembly could simple pass a law to create the right. The New York legislature did exactly that and in 1903 New York enacted the first privacy law in the United States to protect a person's "name or likeness" for commercial use.</blockquote></p>

<p>The whole thing is worth reading.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Guide to Microsoft Police Forensic Services</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/guide_to_micros.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3293</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-09T12:59:01Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-09T12:59:01Z</updated>
    
    <summary>The &quot;Microsoft Online Services Global Criminal Compliance Handbook (U.S. Domestic Version)&quot; (also can be found here, here, and here) outlines exactly what Microsoft will do upon police request. Here&apos;s a good summary of what&apos;s in it: The Global Criminal Compliance Handbook is a quasi-comprehensive explanatory document meant for law enforcement officials seeking access to Microsoft&apos;s stored user information. It also...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>The "<a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/27394899/Microsoft-Spy">Microsoft Online Services Global Criminal Compliance Handbook (U.S. Domestic Version)</a>" (also can be found <a href="http://file.wikileaks.org/files/microsoft-spy.pdf">here</a>, <a href="http://jya.com/microsoft-spy.zip">here</a>, and <a href="http://cryptome.net/microsoft-spy.zip">here</a>) outlines exactly what Microsoft will do upon police request.  <a href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/190233/microsofts_spy_guide_what_you_need_to_know.html?tk=nl_wvx_h_cbintro">Here's</a> a good summary of what's in it:</p>

<blockquote>The Global Criminal Compliance Handbook is a quasi-comprehensive explanatory document meant for law enforcement officials seeking access to Microsoft's stored user information. It also provides sample language for subpoenas and diagrams on how to understand server logs.

<p>I call it "quasi-comprehensive" because, at a mere 22 pages, it doesn't explore the nitty-gritty of Microsoft's systems; it's more like a data-hunting guide for dummies.</blockquote></p>

<p>When it was first leaked, Microsoft tried to scrub it from the Internet.  But they quickly realized that it was futile and <a href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/190277/microsoft_relents_cryptome_returns.html?tk=rel_news">relented</a>.</p>

<p><a href="http://blogs.computerworld.com/15655/leaked_microsoft_intelligence_document_heres_what_microsoft_will_reveal_to_police_about_you">Lots more</a> <a href="http://blogs.computerworld.com/15667/leaked_intelligence_documents_heres_what_facebook_and_comcast_will_tell_the_police_about_you?source=CTWNLE_nlt_security_2010-03-01">information</a>.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Google in The Onion</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/google_in_the_o.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3300</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-08T20:24:03Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-08T20:24:03Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Funny: MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA—Responding to recent public outcries over its handling of private data, search giant Google offered a wide-ranging and eerily well-informed apology to its millions of users Monday. &quot;We would like to extend our deepest apologies to each and every one of you,&quot; announced CEO Eric Schmidt, speaking from the company&apos;s Googleplex headquarters. &quot;Clearly there have been some...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.theonion.com/content/news/google_responds_to_privacy">Funny</a>:</p>

<blockquote>MOUNTAIN VIEW, CA—Responding to recent public outcries over its handling of private data, search giant Google offered a wide-ranging and eerily well-informed apology to its millions of users Monday.

<p>"We would like to extend our deepest apologies to each and every one of you," announced CEO Eric Schmidt, speaking from the company's Googleplex headquarters. "Clearly there have been some privacy concerns as of late, and judging by some of the search terms we've seen, along with the tens of thousands of personal e-mail exchanges and Google Chat conversations we've carefully examined, it looks as though it might be a while before we regain your trust."</p>

<p>Google expressed regret to some of its third-generation Irish-American users on Smithwood between Barlow and Lake.</p>

<p>Added Schmidt, "Whether you're Michael Paulson who lives at 3425 Longview Terrace and makes $86,400 a year, or Jessica Goldblatt from Lynnwood, WA, who already has well-established trust issues, we at Google would just like to say how very, truly sorry we are."</blockquote></p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Eating a Flash Drive</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/eating_a_flash.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3288</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-08T17:00:50Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-08T17:00:50Z</updated>
    
    <summary>How not to destroy evidence: In a bold and bizarre attempt to destroy evidence seized during a federal raid, a New York City man grabbed a flash drive and swallowed the data storage device while in the custody of Secret Service agents, records show. The article wasn&apos;t explicit about this -- odd, as it&apos;s the main question any reader would...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>How <a href="http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/years/2010/0302101flash1.html">not to</a> destroy evidence</a>:</p>

<blockquote>In a bold and bizarre attempt to destroy evidence seized during a federal raid, a New York City man grabbed a flash drive and swallowed the data storage device while in the custody of Secret Service agents, records show.</blockquote>

<p>The article wasn't explicit about this -- odd, as it's the main question any reader would have -- but it seems that the man's digestive tract did not destroy the evidence.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>De-Anonymizing Social Network Users</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/de-anonymizing.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3289</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-08T12:13:56Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-08T12:13:56Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Interesting paper: &quot;A Practical Attack to De-Anonymize Social Network Users.&quot; Abstract. Social networking sites such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Xing have been reporting exponential growth rates. These sites have millions of registered users, and they are interesting from a security and privacy point of view because they store large amounts of sensitive personal user data. In this paper, we introduce...</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p>Interesting paper:  "<a href="http://www.iseclab.org/papers/sonda-TR.pdf">A Practical Attack to De-Anonymize Social Network Users</a>."</p>

<blockquote><b>Abstract</b>.  Social networking sites such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Xing have been reporting exponential growth rates. These sites have millions of registered users, and they are interesting from a security and privacy point of view because they store large amounts of sensitive personal user data.

<p>In this paper, we introduce a novel de-anonymization attack that exploits group membership information that is available on social networking sites. More precisely, we show that information about the group memberships of a user (i.e., the groups of a social network to which a user belongs) is often sufficient to uniquely identify this user, or, at least, to significantly reduce the set of possible candidates. To determine the group membership of a user, we leverage well-known web browser history stealing attacks. Thus, whenever a social network user visits a malicious website, this website can launch our de-anonymization attack and learn the identity of its visitors.</p>

<p>The implications of our attack are manifold, since it requires a low effort and has the potential to affect millions of social networking users. We perform both a theoretical analysis and empirical measurements to demonstrate the feasibility of our attack against Xing, a medium-sized social network with more than eight million members that is mainly used for business relationships. Our analysis suggests that about 42% of the users that use groups can be uniquely identified, while for 90%, we can reduce the candidate set to less than 2,912 persons. Furthermore, we explored other, larger social networks and performed experiments that suggest that users of Facebook and LinkedIn are equally vulnerable (although attacks would require more resources on the side of the attacker). An analysis of an additional five social networks indicates that they are also prone to our attack.</blockquote></p>

<p><a href="http://www.darkreading.com/insiderthreat/security/client/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=223100436">News article</a>.  Moral: anonymity is really, really hard -- but we <a href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2009/04/identifying_peo.html">knew</a> <a href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2009/05/on_the_anonymit.html">that</a> already.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Friday Squid Blogging: Squid Teapot</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2010/03/friday_squid_bl_222.html" />
    <id>tag:www.schneier.com,2010:/blog//2.3277</id>
    
    <published>2010-03-05T22:32:06Z</published>
    <updated>2010-03-05T22:32:06Z</updated>
    
    <summary>Squid teapot. Could be squiddier....</summary>
    <author>
        <name>Bruce Schneier</name>
        
    </author>
    
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.schneier.com/blog/">
        <![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.etsy.com/view_listing.php?listing_id=37661034ml">Squid teapot</a>.  Could be squiddier.</p>]]>
        
    </content>
</entry>

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